Vol75-07 July 2025

Electric shock drowning prevention

Summer in Southern Maryland means time on the water—whether it’s out on the Bay or at your local marina. But there’s a hidden danger swimmers need to know about: Electric Shock Drowning (ESD).

ESD happens when electricity leaks into the water from a dock, boat, or marina. Even low levels of electricity—often imperceptible—can paralyze swimmers, making it impossible for them to swim to safety (or even stay afloat) and increasing the risk of drowning.

The most common source of these electrical currents is faulty wiring on boats or piers, or improper grounding of electrical systems. Freshwater is especially dangerous because it can conduct electricity in a way that affects the human body more severely than saltwater.

How to stay safe

• Whether you’re boating, swimming, or just relaxing near the water, make sure to follow these safety tips.
• Avoid swimming in marinas or around docks that have electrical power. Many marinas prohibit swimming for this very reason.
• Hire a qualified marine electrician to inspect all electrical systems on your boat and dock. Look for certified professionals who follow the National Electrical Code (NEC).
• Make sure your dock and boat are equipped with Ground Fault Circuit Interrupters (GFCIs) and Equipment Leakage Circuit Interrupters (ELCIs). These devices can detect leaks in the electrical system and shut off power before it becomes dangerous.
• Talk with those you boat or swim with about the dangers of ESD. Awareness is one of the most powerful tools for prevention.
• If someone in the water appears to be struggling without signs of splashing or calling out, it could be ESD. Do not enter the water to help unless you’re certain it’s safe. Instead, turn off the power source immediately and use a life ring or reach pole to assist.